The Caterpillar 320E is a hydraulic excavator in Caterpillar's 20-ton class, used for general earthmoving, trenching, site preparation, and material handling. It is typically equipped with a diesel engine, hydraulic system, and crawler undercarriage for stability on uneven ground. The 320E is commonly fitted with a standard boom, stick, and bucket, with optional attachments such as hydraulic thumbs, breakers, and grapples. It is used in construction, utility, roadwork, and demolition applications. The model is known for its balance of digging performance, fuel efficiency, and operator control in medium-duty excavation work.